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Emerging Therapies and Comprehensive Treatment Approaches for IgA Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Clinical Trials and Future Directions

by Weifeng Wu 1,*
1
Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
JPHE  2024 7(2):252; https://doi.org/10.69610/j.phe.20240930
Received: / Accepted: / Published Online: 30 September 2024
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Abstract

This paper discusses the latest therapeutic developments and comprehensive approaches to treating IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis globally.   The review begins by outlining the pathogenesis of IgAN, emphasizing the "multi-hit" hypothesis, where aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) molecules, autoantibodies, and immune complex deposition in the kidneys drive disease progression. Current treatment strategies focus on supportive care, including blood pressure control and proteinuria reduction using renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers.   Newer therapeutic approaches are highlighted, such as targeted-release formulations like TRF-budesonide, which delivers corticosteroids to gut-associated lymphoid tissue to minimize systemic side effects.   Immunosuppressive treatments, including systemic corticosteroids, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and emerging therapies like complement inhibitors (e.g., Eculizumab, Ravulizumab), are explored for their efficacy and safety. B-cell and plasma cell-targeting therapies, complement inhibitors, and personalized medicine approaches represent emerging treatment avenues.   Combination therapies, such as corticosteroids with immunosuppressants, are also discussed, aiming to enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects.   Personalized medicine and the integration of artificial intelligence for optimizing treatment strategies offer promising directions for improving outcomes in patients with IgAN. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for continued research to better understand IgAN's pathogenesis and further develop innovative therapies that prevent progression to end-stage kidney disease.

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Copyright: © 2024 by Wu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ACS Style
Wu, W. Emerging Therapies and Comprehensive Treatment Approaches for IgA Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Clinical Trials and Future Directions. Journal of Public Health & Environment, 2024, 7, 252. doi:10.69610/j.phe.20240930
AMA Style
Wu W. Emerging Therapies and Comprehensive Treatment Approaches for IgA Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Clinical Trials and Future Directions. Journal of Public Health & Environment; 2024, 7(2):252. doi:10.69610/j.phe.20240930
Chicago/Turabian Style
Wu, Weifeng 2024. "Emerging Therapies and Comprehensive Treatment Approaches for IgA Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Clinical Trials and Future Directions" Journal of Public Health & Environment 7, no.2:252. doi:10.69610/j.phe.20240930

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