Advances in Research on Mosquito Population Suppression Using Wolbachia-Induced Cytoplasmic Incompatibility

Wolbachia pipiens is an intracellular symbiotic bacterium widely found in arthropods and nematodes. Its symbiotic and mutualistic relationships with hosts have become a representative subject in symbiotic biology research. Recently, Wolbachia has also been studied for its application in controlling human and crop diseases. This review describes the natural infection of mosquitoes by Wolbachia and further summarizes research progress on suppressing mosquito populations through artificially induced Wolbachia infections. It elucidates the molecular mechanisms of cytoplasmic incompatibility induced by Wolbachia and outlines future directions for biological control of mosquito-borne diseases based on combined SIT (Sterile Insect Technique) and IIT (Incompatible Insect Technique) strategies. Additionally, the review highlights advancements and prospects in the study of controlling mosquito-borne diseases.