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Sustainable Rice Farming: Balancing Water Use and Yield
Abstract
Rice farming is a vital component of global food security, but its intensive water use and greenhouse gas emissions pose significant environmental challenges. This paper explores sustainable rice farming practices aimed at optimizing water use efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing crop productivity. It discusses the adoption of water-saving technologies, such as alternate wetting and drying (AWD), aerobic rice cultivation, and system of rice intensification (SRI), to minimize water consumption while maintaining or improving yield. The paper examines the role of integrated crop management practices, including site-specific nutrient management, residue management, and crop rotation, in promoting soil health, fertility, and resilience to climate change. It also addresses the potential of rice varieties with improved drought tolerance, pest resistance, and nutrient use efficiency to enhance resilience and sustainability in rice production systems. By integrating ecological principles with technological innovations, sustainable rice farming can contribute to food security, environmental conservation, and rural livelihoods in rice-growing regions.
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References
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